Eardrum Surgery

The eardrum, which can become perforated due to various reasons, typically heals on its own within six weeks. However, if the eardrum does not heal within this period or does not respond to treatment, surgery called myringoplasty is performed. This procedure involves repairing the eardrum by closing the perforation with tissue (patching).

For the surgery to be performed, the middle ear ossicles must be intact, there should be no inflammation in the ear, the patient must be older than three years, and the patient must not be experiencing an allergy attack or similar condition.

How is Eardrum Surgery Performed?

Eardrum surgery is conducted under local or general anesthesia and can be performed using different techniques.  The procedure may involve entering behind the ear or through the ear canal. However, performing the surgery through the ear canal requires the perforation to be small or the ear canal to have an appropriate width. The tissue (patch) used to close the perforation can be ear cartilage, the membrane surrounding the cartilage, both, or the membrane of the chewing muscle located behind the ear.

It generally takes 2–3 weeks for the patch to fuse and integrate with the eardrum. Eardrum surgery is typically a successful procedure. However, if the perforation does not close, the surgery may need to be repeated.  Hearing usually improves within an average of 2–3 months, but at least six weeks should pass before evaluating the outcome regarding hearing improvement.

Postoperative Period Following Eardrum Surgery

The postoperative period after eardrum surgery includes the following:

• The ear dressing is removed 24 hours after the surgery.
• The tampon in the external auditory canal is removed within 1–3 weeks.
• Mild pain may occur, which can be managed with simple painkillers.
• A slight discharge, which gradually decreases, may be observed.
• If an incision is made behind the ear, mild numbness in the area may occur. This is normal and resolves on its own.
• The materials used to secure the patch dissolve naturally and do not require removal.

Precautions for Patients After Eardrum Surgery

Patients should follow these precautions after eardrum surgery:

• During the first week after surgery, sleep with the head elevated (using 2–3 pillows).
• Consume soft, fibrous, and watery foods.
• Avoid coughing and straining.
• Refrain from heavy physical activities and sports for at least one month, and avoid water sports for at least six months.
• Do not lift heavy objects for 15 days after the operation.
• Prevent water from entering the ear for at least two months after the operation. To protect the ear, use Vaseline-coated cotton or a tampon.