Dysphagia

Dysphagia refers to difficulty in swallowing food and beverages as they move from the mouth to the stomach.

Causes of Dysphagia

• Infections, tumors, metabolic diseases, neurological conditions, and congenital factors affecting any or more of the mouth, tongue, palate, pharynx, and esophagus involved in the swallowing process,
• Unhealthy teeth, unsuitable dentures,
• Reflux,
• Diseases of the brain and nervous system,
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If dysphagia persists for more than a few months and becomes increasingly severe, accompanied by pain, hoarseness, and cough, it should never be neglected as it may indicate benign and malignant tumors of the pharynx, tongue, and larynx.

Symptoms of Dysphagia

• Sensation of getting stuck in the throat when swallowing food and drinks,
• Discomfort in the throat and chest,
• Increased saliva
• Foreign body sensation in the throat
• Cough and choking sensation.

If the difficulty in swallowing is persistent and the cause is unknown, an ear, nose, and throat specialist should be consulted. The back of the tongue, throat, and larynx are examined with an endoscope. Afterwards, if there is a condition that requires examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, an examination is performed by a gastroenterologist.

Treatment of Dysphagia

It can be eliminated by treating the disease that causes dysphagia or by surgical methods. If necessary, the patient’s eating and living habits can be changed. For example, sleeping with the head elevated at night, losing weight, and reducing alcohol and caffeine consumption may be considered. In addition, special exercises that ensure adequate functioning of the swallowing muscles and stimulate the nerves are also useful.